自闭症人群媒介话语建构特征分析

An Analysis of the Construction Features of Media Discourse in Autistic People

新闻媒体在促进人们如何看待自闭症人群据肯尼等人(Kenny et al.,2016)的研究数据统计表明,有近61%的自闭症患者倾向于社会大众称其为自闭症人群(autistic people),故本研究采用这一提法。的相关议题上扮演着重要角色。本研究以国内主流报刊媒体2000—2017年以来有关自闭症人群议题报道为研究对象,从报道数量、话语主题、话语主体和话语基调四个方面考察自闭症人群报道中的话语建构特征,并剖析其存在问题和影响因素。研究结果表明,相关报道数量呈直线上升,且呈现“节日化”报道趋向;话语主题内容较真实、丰富,侧重于慈善、公益组织的爱心助残主题报道;涉及话语主体较为广泛,通过政府和专家学者的话语主体选择,体现了主流媒体的可信度和权威性;话语基调以正面、中立报道为主,罕见负面和偏见报道,且未出现“污名化”报道现象。

News media plays an important role in promoting people s views on issues related to people with autism.Based on the reports of autistic people in Chinese mainstream newspapers from 2000 to 2017,this study examines the discourse construction features of autistic people in terms of the number of reports,the themes of discourse,the priorities of discourse and the tones of discourse,and it also explores some problems and influencing factors.The findings show that the number of reports has risen linearly and has shown a trend of“festivalization”;the themes of discourse are more realistic and richer,focusing on charity organizations love reports;the priorities of discourse are more extensive in scope,showing the credibility and authority of Chinese mainstream newspapers by taking the authority and experts as the main sources of discourse;the tones of discourse are mainly positive and neutral,with rare negative and biased reports,and there is no“stigma”phenomenon in the reports.