本真性、真诚性与普遍性——女护士视角下的情感劳动

Authenticity,Sincerity and Universality:Female Nurses'Comprehension of Emotion Labor

通过对女护士的质性研究,讨论作为主体的劳动者们如何看待组织对情感劳动的要求与分配,以探查劳动过程中情感的内在要求。研究发现:护士们认可从人性本能发展为专业伦理的关爱这一情感的本真性,并在护理劳动中勉力操演;基于对组织内情感劳动特质的观察,她们发现组织提出的情感劳动要求基于商业伦理甚于专业伦理,亦未必是患者的真正需要,从而对情感的真诚性提出质疑与否定;在与医生情感劳动态度与实践的对比中她们发现,医生们拒绝职业伦理中的情感劳动要求并将之转移给护士,表明情感劳动存在分工,而非普遍性的。护士的认知与实践指出了照顾劳动中情感的异化现象,提出了情感的本真性、真诚性与普遍性的内在要求。

This article,which is based on qualitative research of the arrangements and distributions of emotion labor in hospital,examines female nurses'comprehension of emotion.Findings are:nurses embrace the authenticity of emotion in caring that develops from human nature,and try to give genuine caring to their patients;they sense the lack of sincerity in emotion labor required by the organization,since the latter cares more about business than professions in patients-caring;they also realize that emotion labor is not evenly distributed among employees,as doctors are immune to emotion labor and shift their share of emotion labor to nurses with acquiescence of the organization,although caring for patients is also among their professional requirement.Nurses claim authenticity,sincerity and universality of emotion in patients caring.