电感耦合等离子体质谱在长寿命放射性核素分析中的应用

Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer in the Analysis of Long-lived Radionuclides

电感耦合等离子体质谱(Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer,ICP-MS)具有灵敏度高、检出限低、线性动态范围宽和可以进行多元素同时测定及同位素比测量等优点,是一种具有广阔前景的痕量(超痕量)无机多元素分析技术。ICP-MS检测半衰期大于几百年的放射性核素优于放射计数测量方法,用ICP-MS检测环境样品中痕量放射性核素,成为研究的热点。本文从长寿命放射性核素含量测定、同位素比测量及环境科学研究等方面对电感耦合等离子体质谱在放射性核素分析中的应用作了评述。

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has the advantages of high sensitivity,low detection limit,wide lin⁃ear dynamic range,simultaneous determination of multiple-elements and isotope ratio analysis.It is a trace(ultra-trace)inorganic multi-element analysis technique with broad prospects.Radionuclides of more than a few hundred years half-life are better detection by ICP-MS than by radiometry.The detection of trace radionuclides in environmental samples by ICPMS has become a research hotspot.In this paper,the application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the analysis of radionuclides is briefly reviewed in terms of the determination of long-lived radionuclide,isotope ratio measure⁃ment and environmental science research.