652例过敏性皮肤病斑贴试验变应原分析

Analysis of the patch test results in 652 patients with allergic skin disease

目的:分析我院过敏性皮肤病患者常见的接触性变应原。方法:回顾性分析我院门诊652例行斑贴试验的过敏性皮肤病患者资料,包括接触性皮炎249例、面部皮炎158例、湿疹87例、激素依赖性皮炎64例、特应性皮炎51例、唇炎43例,并对斑贴试验结果及不同年龄、性别阳性率进行比较分析。结果:斑贴试验总阳性448例(68.71%)。5种最常见的变应原依次为十二醇硫酸钠、脂肪酸硫酸钠、硫酸镍、卡巴混合物、香料混合物。女性十二醇硫酸钠和脂肪酸硫酸钠阳性率高于男性(2值分别为5.47、7.23,P值均<0.05),男性卡巴混合物阳性率高于女性(χ^(2)=18.57,P<0.05)。不同年龄段总阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.62,P<0.05)。结论:十二醇硫酸钠、脂肪酸硫酸钠、硫酸镍、卡巴混合物、香料混合物是过敏性皮肤病常见的变应原。

Objective:To analyze the common contact allergens in patients with allergic skin disease in our hospital.Methods:The data of 652 patients with allergic dermatoses who underwent patch test in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Patients included 249 cases of contact dermatitis,158 cases of facial dermatitis,87 cases of eczema,64 cases of glucocorticoids dependent dermatitis,51 patients with atopic dermatitis and 43 cases of cheilitis.Results:The total positive rate of patch test was 68.71%(448 cases).The top five allergens were sodium dodecanol sulfate,sodium fatty acid sulfate,nickel sulfate,carba mixture and fragrance mixture.The positive rates of sodium dodecyl sulfate and fatty acid sodium sulfate in women were higher than that in men(χ^(2)=5.47,7.23,both P<0.05),and the positive rate of carbamazepine mixture in men was higher than that in women(χ^(2)=18.57,P<0.05).The total positive rate was different in different age groups(χ^(2)=17.62,P<0.05).Conclusions:Sodium dodecanol sulfate,sodium fatty acid sulfate,nickel sulfate,carba mixture and fragrance mixture are common allergens in allergic skin diseases.