多类型滑动轴承性能对比分析及其油膜温度试验研究

Comparative analysis on performance and test on oil filmtemperature of multiple types journal bearings

针对船舶传动装置轴承多种承载要求带来的选型困难问题,开展了船用转速、载荷范围内,圆柱形轴承、椭圆轴承和可倾瓦轴承的性能对比分析。从多类型轴承几何关系出发,考虑紊流、温粘效应等建立了热流体动力学润滑分析模型,采用有限差分法联立求解了雷诺方程、能量方程与温粘方程,对比分析了多类型轴承的动、静态性能;最后,在相同比压、不同转速下,对各类型轴承温度进行了对比试验。研究结果表明:圆柱形轴承比其他两种类型轴承有更高的承载能力,功耗与流量也比其他类型轴承小;但在各个转速下,圆柱形轴承最高油膜温度均大于其他类型轴承,且转速越高,圆柱形轴承最高温度与其他类型相差越大,最大可达到19℃;可倾瓦轴承动态性能优于其他类型轴承,试验油膜温度与理论计算结果基本吻合。

Aiming at the selection difficult of marine transmission device caused by various load requirements,a comparative performance analysis of cylindrical bearing,elliptical bearing and tilting pad within marine speed and load range was carried out.Based on the geometric relationship of multiple types of journal bearings,considering the turbulent flow and temperature viscosity effect,the thermo-hydrodynamic lubrication model was established.The Reynolds equation,energy equation and temperature viscosity equation were solved by using the finite difference method.The dynamic and static performance of multiple types of journal bearings were compared and analyzed.Finally,the comparative tests of multiple types of journal bearings were carried out under the same specific pressure and different speed.The results show that cylindrical bearings have higher loading capacity than the other two types of bearings,and its power loss and oil flowrate are smaller than others,but the maximum oil film temperature of cylindrical bearing is higher than that of other types of bearing at each speed.The higher the rotating speed is,the greater the difference of the maximum temperature between cylindrical bearing and other types is,until it is up to 19℃.The dynamic performance of tilting pad bearing is better than other types of bearings.The experimental oil film temperature is in good agreement with the theoretical calculation.