喀斯特多山城市植物群落物种多样性空间分异特征——以安顺市为例

Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Plant Community Species Diversity in Karst Mountainous City:A Case Study of Anshun City

为探析喀斯特山地城市生物多样性特征及其影响因素,以黔中典型多山城市——安顺市为研究对象,运用生物多样性相关理论与方法,分析了安顺市植物物种多样性特征及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)安顺市植物群落物种多样性指数偏低,不同空间区域中差异较大,西南片区和中心区域低而东北片区最高;(2)不同绿地类型中植物群落物种多样性指数由高到低的顺序为区域绿地、公园绿地、附属绿地、防护绿地、广场绿地;(3)在不同方位中较为发达的中心城区与西南方位上多样性较低,东北方位最高;(4)自然绿地的植物群落物种多样性高于人工绿地和半人工、半自然绿地;(5)海拔1400 m以上区域的多样性高于海拔1400 m以下的区域。城市内植物群落物种多样性受地形地貌和城市发展的影响表现出较大的差异性,通过采取相应措施来调节人类活动与自然环境之间的关系,合理构建生态廊道,加强不同类型生境间的内在联系,让城市内的生态得到更好的保护与发展。

In order to explore the characteristics of biodiversity and its influencing factors in karst mountainous cities,Anshun City,a typical mountainous city in Central Guizhou Province,was selected as the research object,and the characteristics and influencing factors of plant species diversity in Anshun City were analyzed by using biodiversity related theories and methods.The result showed that:(1)The species diversity index of plant community in Anshun City is low,and the difference is large in different spatial regions.The southwest area and the central area are low,while the northeast area is the highest;(2)The order of plant community species diversity index from high to low in different green space types is regional green space,park green space,attached green space,protected green space and square green space;(3)The more developed center in different directions,the lower diversity in southwest orientation,the highest in northeast orientation;(4)The species diversity of plant community in natural green space is higher than that in artificial green space and semi-artificial and semi-natural green space;(5)The diversity of the area above 1400 m is higher than that of the area below 1400 m.The species diversity of plant communities in cities shows great differences due to the influence of topography,geomorphology and urban development.By taking corresponding measures to adjust the relationship between human activities and the natural environment,reasonable construction of ecological corridor,strengthen the internal relationship between different types of habitats,so that the city's ecology could be better protected and developed.