新中国成立初期的毛泽东宪法思想及其当代启示

Mao Zedong’s Constitutional Thought in the Early Days of the Founding of New China and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

以1954年宪法序言关于“建成繁荣幸福的社会主义社会”为逻辑参照,可以从“国家繁荣”与“人民幸福”两大基本要素去把握毛泽东宪法思想。“国家繁荣”对应于新中国建设的宪法引领,“人民幸福”彰显于人民民主的宪法阐释,二者共同契合了毛泽东对科学制宪规律的探寻。在历史价值上,毛泽东宪法思想是马克思主义宪法学说中国化的典范,丰富了毛泽东思想的体系内容,推动了新中国宪法理论与实践的发展。描绘该时期毛泽东宪法思想的历史图景,既有助于从理论体系上领悟新时代中国特色社会主义宪法思想,又能够揭示其对新时代依宪治国的指导意义。

Taking“building a prosperous and happy socialist society”in the preamble of the 1954 Constitution as a logical reference,we can grasp Mao Zedong’s constitutional thought from the two basic elements of“national prosperity”and“people’s happiness”.“National prosperity”corresponds to the constitutional guidance of new China’s construction,and“people’s happiness”is reflected in the constitutional interpretation of people’s democracy.Both of them are consistent with Mao Zedong’s exploration of the law of scientific constitution making.In terms of historical value,Mao Zedong’s constitutional thought is a model of Sinicization of Marxist constitutional theory,which enriched the system content of Mao Zedong Thought and promoted the development of the theory and practice of the constitution of People’Republic of China.To describe the historical picture of Mao Zedong’s constitutional thought in this period will not only help us understand the socialist constitutional thought with Chinese characteristics in the new era from the theoretical system,but also offer important lessons for the rule of law in the new era.