刍议中立帮助行为的刑法规制

On the Criminal Law Regulation of Neutral Help

从中立帮助行为主体的主观恶性与行为的客观危害性来看,对行为人进行刑法规制皆具有一定合理性。除此之外,还应当站在事后的立场分析中立帮助行为对正犯结果产生的相关作用。立法者在《刑法修正案(九)》中将中立帮助行为正犯化,即对中立帮助行为采取单独定罪的处罚模式。这一模式考虑到中立帮助行为的法益侵害性与行为人的主观罪过性,但存在不当侵害公民权益、破坏法律体系内部的一致性以及不当扩大犯罪圈的可能。基于中立帮助行为的日常性,有必要对中立帮助行为的可罚范围进行限定,在此基础上将其按共犯处理,只有当行为在按共犯处理存在障碍或者独立地侵害了法益等情形时,才可以寻求立法的途径对其单独定罪。

In terms of the neutral help,it is reasonable to regulate the actor by the criminal law,whether based on subject’s malignant or the actor’s objective hazard.In addition,the effect of neutral help on the result of the crime should also be analyzed from the post-event position.The legislators criminalized the neutral help in the“Criminal Law Amendment(IX)”,that is,to adopt the separate conviction mode for this kind of behavior.This mode takes into account the infringement on legal interests and the actor’s subjective sin under the neutral help,but there is the possibility of improperly infringing on the rights of citizens,undermining the consistency within the legal system and unduly expanding the criminal circle.Due to its daily nature,it is necessary to limit the scope of punishable neutral help,and thus to treat the actor as an accomplice on this basis.Only when the actor is hindered being punished as an accomplice or he independently infringed the legal interests,can we seek a legislative way to criminalize him separately.