鲸豚表皮微尺度柔性变形的减阻原理研究

Research on drag reduction of active compliant surface with a micro scale of odontocetes

鲸豚类海洋高速动物具有突出的低阻高效游动能力,一直是仿生学的重要研究对象。为了探索柔性表皮减阻的可行性,在参考国外关于活体齿鲸类海洋动物表皮观测结果的基础上,本文采用RANS方法和动网格技术建立了仿生表皮微尺度柔性变形的数值模拟方法。文中对不同柔性变形的仿生表皮,以及刚性波面、刚性平板开展了对比数值计算,详细对比了流场和阻力成分,并重点分析了减阻原理。研究表明,随行波柔性表皮在波速高到一定程度时可实现明显减阻。

Fast-swimming odontocetes are important research objects of drag reduction bionics.In the paper,special focus of numerical simulation for drag and flow fields is put on the active compliant surface which may represent odontocetes’skin partly.With the numerical simulation based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations and dynamic mesh,different active compliant surfaces are simulated and compared with rigid surfaces.The flow fields and resistance components are compared in detail,and the principle of drag reduction is analyzed selectively.The simulation results indicate that the drag decreases obviously for some active compliant surfaces with a higher wave velocity.