基于TiO_(2)的光阳极材料应用于光催化燃料电池的研究进展

Research Progress of TiO_(2)-based Photoanode Materials for Photocatalytic Fuel Cells

光催化燃料电池利用太阳能在高效去除水中污染物的同时将其中的化学能转化为电能,达到回收能源的目的且不会产生二次污染。目前,光催化燃料电池在水环境处理及绿色能源开发中的应用十分广泛,但光阳极材料的选择与制备仍是制约其大规模应用的关键难题。TiO_(2)作为目前最热门的n型半导体材料,因其光催化活性高、成本低、热稳定性好等优点受到了广泛关注。TiO_(2)纳米管阵列、TiO_(2)薄膜材料比表面积大,活性位点多,容易与其他单质和化合物复合,在光催化燃料电池中有广阔的应用前景。国内外学者已经研究了许多有效的策略来提高TiO_(2)的光催化性能,如贵金属沉积、金属与非金属元素掺杂等。本文介绍了TiO_(2)纳米管阵列、TiO_(2)薄膜光阳极材料的制备及改性,简述了其降解污染物的效率和产电性能,总结了结构、组成等因素对光催化燃料电池性能的影响,以期为制备性能良好的光催化燃料电池提供参考。

Photocatalytic fuel cells employ solar energy to efficiently remove organic pollutants in water while converting chemical energy into electrical energy,which can thus achieve the dual purpose of energy recovery and pollutants removal.Currently,photocatalytic fuel cells are extensively used in water environment treatment and green energy.However,the selection and preparation of photoanode still remain key problem which restrict their large-scale applications.As one of the hot n-type semiconductor material,TiO_(2)has attracted considerable attention as photoanode due to its high photocatalytic activity,low cost,and good thermal stability.TiO_(2)nanotube arrays and TiO_(2)film materials,which have a large specific surface area,abundant active sites,have broad application prospects in photocatalytic fuel cells.Till now,great efforts have been made to enhance the photocatalytic performance of TiO_(2),such as precious metal deposition,metal and non-metal element doping.In the current review,we introduce the preparation method of TiO_(2)nanotube arrays and TiO_(2)film materials,and describe their pollutant degradation efficiency and electricity generation performance,and summarizes the influence of structure and composition on the performance of photocatalytic fuel cells.It is expected to provide a reference for the preparation of photocatalytic fuel cells with good performance.