论患者病历复制权的合理限制

On the Reasonable Limitation of Patients'Right of Reproduction about Medical Records

《医疗纠纷预防与处理条例》第十六条规定患者有权查阅复制“属于病历的全部资料”,但对“全部病历资料”需进行合理界定。病历为医疗机构所有,患者病历复制权的权利属性体现为知情权,医疗机构对患者使用病历享有决定权,患者复制权必然有所限制。同时只有明晰病历范围,才能确定病历复制权的范围。医院记录分为疾病治疗记录和医院管理工作记录,疾病治疗记录属于病历内容,患者对此享有复制权,医院管理工作记录则不属于病历内容,患者不享有复制权,但可通过司法诉讼中的证据提供制度予以弥补。患者病历知情权存在道德有限性,其具有附随性、补充性和回溯性,对其进行合理限制具有正当性。

Article 16 of the Regulations on the Prevention and Treatment of Medical Disputesstipulates that patients have the right to consult and copy all data belonging to medical records,but all medical records should be reasonably defined.Medical records are owned by medical institutions,the right attribute of patients’right to copy medical records is embodied in the right to know.Medical institutions have the right to decide on patients’use of medical records,therefore,the reproduction right of patients is bound to be limited.Only by clarifying the range of medical records canpatients determine the scope of the right to copy medical records.Hospital records are divided into disease treatment records and hospital management records.The disease treatment records belong to medical records,which patients have the right to copy.Hospital management records do not belong to medical records,and patients do not have the right to copy them,but they can obtain the right by the evidence providing system in judicial proceedings.The right to know the patient's medical record has the moral limitation,which is attached,complementary and retrospective,and it is justified to limit it reasonably.