青少年手机成瘾与认知失败:正念注意觉知和注意控制的中介作用

Mobile-phone addiction and cognitive failure in adolescents:role of mindfulness attention awareness and attention control

目的探讨青少年手机成瘾、正念注意觉知、注意控制、认知失败之间的关系。方法采用智能手机成瘾量表简版、正念注意觉知量表、注意控制量表和认知失败量表对850名青少年进行问卷调查,运用SPSS 20.0和AMOS 22.0软件进行相关分析、中介效应检验以及性别的跨组比较。结果手机成瘾与认知失败呈显著正相关,与正念注意觉知、注意控制呈显著负相关;正念注意觉知及注意控制与认知失败呈显著负相关。手机成瘾直接影响认知失败,正念注意觉知及注意控制在手机成瘾和认知失败之间起中介作用;通过对中介效应进行比较,发现二者差异无统计学意义。对模型在性别上进行跨组比较,发现在手机成瘾倾向到正念注意觉知以及注意控制到认知失败这2条路径上均存在性别差异。结论正念注意觉知和注意控制在手机成瘾和认知失败之间起部分中介作用,性别在手机成瘾倾向和正念注意觉知之间以及注意控制到认知失败之间起调节作用。

Objective To explore the relations among mobile-phone addiction,mindfulness attention awareness,attention control and cognitive failure in adolescents.Methods A total of 850 adolescents were selected to complete smartphone addiction scale,short version(SAS-SV),mindful attention awareness scale(MAAS),attentional control scale(ACS),and cognitive failures questionnaire(CFQ).SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 22.0 were used for correlation analysis,mediation effect test,and cross-group comparison of gender.Results Mobile phone addiction was significantly positively correlated with cognitive failure,while significantly negatively correlated with mindfulness attention awareness and attention control.Mindfulness attention awareness and attention control were significantly negatively correlated with cognitive failure.Mobile-phone addiction could directly affect cognitive failure,as well as indirectly affect cognitive failure through mindfulness awareness and attention control,and the mediation between them was significant.By comparing the mediating effects,results showed that there was no significant difference between them.Cross-group comparison of the models showed that boys were significantly higher than girls in the two paths:mobile-phone addiction tendency to mindfulness awareness and attention control to cognitive failure.And gender played a moderating role in these two paths.Conclusion Mindfulness awareness and attention control partly mediate mobile-phone addiction and cognitive failure.Gender moderates mobile-phone addiction to mindfulness awareness,and moderateds attention control to cognitive failure,respectively.