屏幕时间、户外活动时间与学龄前儿童身体健康的相关性研究

Correlations among screen time,outdoor activity time,and physical health of preschoolers

目的调查学龄前儿童屏幕时间与户外活动时间的现状,探究二者对于儿童身体健康的影响,为制定预防学龄前儿童近视以及超重肥胖的干预措施提供科学依据。方法基于等比例分层整群抽样,使用改编的儿童多媒体使用情况家庭问卷、中国儿童能力指数量表(Chinese early human capability index,CHeHCI)以及体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)等工具,对深圳市某区5226名学龄前儿童及其家庭进行横截面调查。使用线性回归和二分类Logistic回归模型,分析屏幕时间、户外活动时间对学龄前儿童身体健康的影响。结果儿童屏幕时间、户外活动时间分别为(110.30±90.67)min/d和(61.11±41.16)min/d,儿童超重的总比率为5.47%。屏幕时间能够负向预测儿童身体健康状况;户外活动时间能够正向预测CHeHCI中健康维度的得分,但与超重的关系无统计学意义。结论应加强对父母的育儿指导,减少儿童屏幕时间、增加户外活动时间,倡导健康生活方式。

Objective To investigate the correlations among screen time,outdoor activity time,and the physical health of preschoolers,so as to provide suggestions for formulating interventions to prevent myopia and obesity of children.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Shenzhen city.A representative sample of 5226 preschoolers and their caregivers were recruited by a proportional stratified cluster sampling.Data were collected by the Chinese early human capability index(CHeHCI),children's media use in daily family life questionnaire,and body mass index(BMI).Linear regression and binary Logistic regression models were used to analyze the effects of screen time and outdoor activity time on physical health of preschoolers.Results Preschoolers spent(110.30±90.67)min/d on screen and(61.11±41.16)min/d on outdoor activity.And 5.47%of preschoolers were overweight.Screen time negatively predicted preschoolers'physical health,while outdoor activity time positively predicted preschoolers'physical health of CHeHCI.There was no significant association between outdoor activity time and overweight of preschoolers.Conclusion This study suggests parents might need to reduce preschoolers'screen time and increase outdoor activity time to promote the physical health development of preschoolers.