日本社会语言学的兴起、发展和现状

The Rise,Development and PresentSituation of Sociolinguistics in Japan

本文主要介绍日本社会语言学的兴起、发展与现状。日本社会语言学的研究要早于美国的社会语言学研究,可以追溯到20世纪50年代。它主要是以“语言生活”调查研究作为起始点而得到迅速发展。“社会语言学”这一概念于1973年引进,加速了日本社会语言学的发展。加之1987年创建的社会语言科学会问与之相关的研究会、学术刊物等,把日本社会语言学研究推向了高潮。此外,在20世纪末和21世纪初成立的诸多研究会问学会又推进了对“语言与社会”的研究步伐,从多方面、多角度去研究社会语言现象,从而使日本社会语言学的研究内容更加广泛,更具有深度。

This article mainly introduces the origination and development,as well as present situation ofsociolinguistics in Japan.In Japan sociolinguistics-related research has a history dating back to the mid-20^(th)century and it commenced with studying primarily in“language life”.It is earlier than the US in this type ofstudy.It is no doubt that the introduction of the concept of sociolinguistic in 1973 has accelerated the development of sociolinguistic studdies in Japan.The number of sociolinguistics-related professional bodies(academicand institutional)which have been established since 1987 bring the Japanese sociolinguistics research to a climax.In addition,the establishment of various academnic societies and research institutions in the late 20^(th)century and the beginning of this century have given not only fresh impetus to‘language and society’studies,but also enhanced a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the Japanese sociolinguistics realities.