摘要
利用砚瓦川流域1981—2017年蒸发量实测数据,运用数理统计、线性回归分析、Mann-Kendall检验等方法分析研究砚瓦川流域多年蒸发量变化特征。结果表明:砚瓦川流域37年蒸发量变化总体呈下降趋势,其平均减少速率为4.75 mm/a,2006年是减少突变年;砚瓦川流域37年年平均蒸发量为1182.23 mm,20世纪80年代的年均蒸发量高于平均值;砚瓦川流域春季蒸发量波动幅度最大,秋季次之,冬季蒸发量波动幅度最小;夏季蒸发量最大,约占全年蒸发量的42.36%;砚瓦川流域月平均蒸发量最大的为6月,最小的为12月;砚瓦川37年降雨量和蒸发量均减小,但降雨量的减小速率略大于蒸发量的减小速率。
Based on the measured data of evaporation in Yanwachuan Watershed from 1981 to 2017,the evaporation change characteristics in Yanwachuan Watershed over the years were analyzed and studied by mathematical statistics,linear regression analysis and Mann-Kendall test,etc.The results showed that the evaporation change in Yanwachuan Watershed showed a general decreasing trend in past 37 years,with an average reduction rate of 4.75 mm/a.2006 was the year of reduction sudden changed.The average annual evaporation in Yanwachuan Watershed was 1182.23 mm in the past 37 years,and the average annual evaporation in the 1980s was higher than the average.The fluctuation range of evaporation in Yanwachuan Watershed was the largest in spring,followed by autumn,the smallest was in winter.The seasonal evaporation was the largest in summer,accounting for about 42.36%of the annual evaporation.The monthly mean evaporation in Yanwachuan Watershed was the largest in June and the smallest in December.Both of the rainfall and evaporation in Yanwachuan Watershed decreased in the past 37 years,but the reduction rate of rainfall was slightly higher than that of evaporation.
作者
焦念
JIAO Nian(Xifeng Management Supervision Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation of the Yellow River,Qingyang Gansu 745000;Xifeng Experimental Station on Soil and Water Conservation of Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission,Qingyang Gansu 745000)
出处
《现代农业科技》
2021年第7期183-186,188,共5页
Modern Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目“黄土高塬沟壑区典型流域径流输沙对降雨的变化响应”(IWHR-SKL-KF201808)。
