多语社会的社区性调查研究--以澳门为例

A Study on the Community Characteristics of the Multilingual Society:A Case Study of Macao

传统的言语社区研究侧重于对单语的调查与探讨,构成言语社区的条件主要可以归结为主观和客观两类,客观条件为语言讲话人参与由语言实践而产生的言语互动,主观条件为社区成员对这些互动有一致的认识。这些主客观条件同样适用于多语社区。言语社区的多语性已被承认,社区性尚未得到充分探讨。本文主要以澳门这一多语社会为对象,采用电话观察记录和深入访谈等方法,对多语社会的社区性进行探析。研究验证了澳门这个多语社会具有社区性,其社区性的表现是语言使用层面和语言态度层面均具有一致性;同时通过与其他多语社区的研究比较,本研究发现多语社会的社区性并不只存在于澳门。社区性可用于对比多语社区等进一步的言语社区研究.

Trditional studies on spexh community fousod om monolingual situtions The forming com-ditions of spech community inelude mainly subjective and objective onese。the ltter being the speech interac-tiom resulting from speakers'paticipant of the linguistic pratice,while the former being the community members'comsensus towards the interaction.We beliewe those subjective/objective conditions also apply to.multilingual communitis.Although the mulingualism of speech communities has been recognized,the community characteristics have not.This paper tangets the roulilingual socicty of Macao and probes into its community characteristie by telephone reoord and in depch interviews.The finding confirm that Macao,a multilingual society.has community characteristics.which means a higb-level consistency among its resi-dents both in language use and language atude Through comparison with other stuodies on multilingual communities,we find that the oommunity chancteristics exist not only in Macao and in the oommumity feca-ture can be further studied in speech comrnunity studies.