微生物燃料电池的现状与研究

Present Situation and Research of Microbial Fuel Cell

微生物燃料电池的发展仍处于瓶颈期,但其能实现同步污水处理和电能回收的功能,具有良好的发展前景。微生物燃料电池(Microbial Fuel Cells,MFCs)的主要机理是通过利用产电微生物氧化污水中的有机物,将存储在有机物中的化学能不经过其他能源形式直接转化为电能,而且该反应生成的产物无污染。其中,准确构建MFC系统,在降低成本的同时有效并重污染物去除和产电效能提升,是进一步探索微生物燃料电池领域的关键。文章重点对不同类型的燃料电池如海水微生物燃料电池、植物复合型微生物燃料电池进行分析,通过对比不同类型的电池性能,对其可实践性进行评估。最后,强调了微生物燃料电池(MFC)技术与应用的现状,并指出了微生物燃料电池的发展前景。

The development of microbial fuel cell is still in the bottleneck period,but it can realize the functions of simultaneous sewage treatment and electric energy recovery,and has a good development prospect.The main mechanism of microbial fuel cells(MFCs)is that the organic matter in sewage is oxidized by electricity-producing microorganisms,and the chemical energy stored in the organic matter is directly converted into electric energy without other energy forms,and the products produced by this reaction are pollution-free.Among them,the key to further explore the field of microbial fuel cells is to accurately construct MFC system,effectively remove pollutants and improve power generation efficiency while reducing costs.This paper focuses on the analysis of different types of fuel cells,such as seawater microbial fuel cells and plant composite microbial fuel cells,and evaluates their practicality by comparing the performance of different types of cells.Finally,the present situation of microbial fuel cell(MFC)technology and application was emphasized,and the development prospect of MFC was pointed out.