反应型无卤磷腈阻燃剂的制备及其性能的应用探究

Preparation of Reactive Halogen-free Phosphazene Flame Retardant and Application of Its Properties

阻燃剂是一种应用于阻止材料被点燃及对火焰传播具有抑制作用的功能性助剂,主要用于阻燃合成和天然高分子材料。无卤含磷阻燃剂环磷腈衍生物因其优异的耐水解性、耐热性、耐酸碱性以及低吸水率而受到较为普遍的应用。本文以六氯环三磷腈和苯酚为原料,丙酮为溶剂,在碳酸钾存在的条件下回流反应,合成1,1,3,3,5-五苯氧基-5-氯环三磷腈。然后进一步与羟基乙醇钠反应,制备含有一个羟基的反应型磷腈阻燃剂五苯氧基羟乙氧基环三磷腈,通过核磁共振分析图谱对其进行研究表征,并对其耐水解及耐酸碱性性能进行系统测试。

Flame retardant is a kind of functional additive which can prevent materials from being ignited and inhibit flame propagation.It is mainly used in flame retardant synthesis and natural polymer materials.Halogen-free phosphorus-containing flame retardant cyclophosphazene derivatives are widely used because of their excellent hydrolysis resistance,heat resistance,acid and alkali resistance and low water absorption.In this paper,1,1,3,3,5-pentaphenoxy-5-chlorocyclotriphosphazene was synthesized by refluxing hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and phenol in acetone in the presence of potassium carbonate.Then,it further reacts with sodium hydroxyethoxide to prepare a reactive phosphazene flame retardant pentaphenoxy hydroxyethoxy cyclotriphosphazene,which is characterized by NMR analysis,and its hydrolysis resistance and acid and alkali resistance are systematically tested.