智能手机运用于折射率测量实验

MEASUREMENT EXPERIMENT OF REFRACTIVE INDEX WITH A SMARTPHONE

为探究智能手机在大学物理实验中更广泛的应用,在布儒斯特角法测折射率的实验方法基础上进行改进。将手机的环境光传感器作为测量工具,智能软件作为数据记录工具,测量不同入射角度下p波的反射光强。之后通过拟合反射率曲线和菲涅尔公式的方法,得到ZF1棱镜的折射率为1.63±0.01。反射光强的误差分析得到传感器和光学实验中存在不同原因的误差因素,包含传感器自身的系统误差、反射角度的误差、偏振片的不消光影响。结果显示手机的光传感器测量特性良好,拟合菲涅尔公式测量结果更为准确。

In order to explore the wider application of smartphones in college physics experiments,this paper introduces the experiment with improved Brewster angle method to measure refractive index by using a smartphone.The ambient light sensor on mobile phone was used as the measuring tool,and the intelligent software was used as the data recording tool to measure the reflected light intensity of p-wave at different incident angles.The refractive index of prism was then determined as 1.63±0.01 by fitting the experimental curve of reflection coefficient and incident angle with Fresnel’s equation.The error analysis of reflected light intensity showed that there were different factors of error in the sensor and optical experiment,including the systematic error of the sensor itself,the error of reflected angle,and the influence of the incomplete extinction of polarizer.Our results indicate that the optical sensor of smartphone has good measurement characteristics and the curve fitting approach is more accurate.