法国国家图书馆早期入藏汉籍述略

A Brief Introduction to the Early Collection of Chinese Books in Bibliothèque Nationale de France

法国国家图书馆早期入藏汉籍的来源主要有三:一是1711年之前,由白晋、洪若翰等传教士陆续带归者,以儒家经典及相关著作为主,另有不少中国科技特别是医学类著作;二是图书馆指派傅圣泽与马若瑟在中国采购者,包括成套正经正史的较佳版本,以及先秦诸子、宋明理学家著作、丛书、文学、戏曲等,大致囊括了研究中国历史文化所必备的材料;三是比尼昂个人捐赠与巴黎外方传教会旧藏者,多数为传教士所著西学类著作,另有一些明清通俗小说值得注意。此外旅法华人黄嘉略去世后,遗留的文献被收入皇家图书馆,其中除黄氏手稿外,也夹杂有一些汉籍。此批汉籍是当时欧洲规模最大的中文收藏之一。

There are three main sources for the early entries of Chinese books into the catalogue of the Bibliothèque nationale de France.The first was the books brought back successively by Joachim Bouvet,Jean de Fontaney and other missionaries before 1711,most of which were Confucian classics and related works,along with many Chinese scientific and technological works,especially traditional Chinese medical works.The second source,according to the order of Bibliothèque du Roi,was those texts Jean-François Foucquet and Joseph Henri Marie de Prémare bought in China,including authentic classics and works of history,writings of Pre-Qin philosophies and Neo-Confucianism,collected works,literary and dramatic works etc.,which generally covered the necessary materials for the study of Chinese history and culture.The third was Jean-Paul Bignon’s own donation,the old collections of the French Foreign Missionaries in Paris,most of which were works written by their missionaries about the West,and some popular novels from Ming and Qing Dynasties which were also worthy of notice.In addition,after Arcadio Huang’s death,his material including his manuscripts were brought into the Bibliothèque du Roi,with some Chinese books also included.The Bibliothèque nationale de France had one of the biggest collections of Chinese books in Europe at the time.