深圳城市治理的三种模式研究

A Study on Three Types of Urban Governance Mode in Shenzhen

城市社区治理体系改革是基层党和政府与社区各类组织之间权力职能关系的一种多方位调整,居民自治、党建引领与企业参与分别代表着目前实践中的三种不同改革思路,其内在逻辑折射出改革者对于解决社区现实问题的区别性研判,以及对社区治理体制改革内容的差异化理解,并将深刻影响城市治理的发展向度。在住房商品化改革深入推进,社区形态经历复杂转型,社区利益主体日渐多元,居民的民主法治观念逐渐觉醒,基层群众自治需求增长的现实背景下,以深圳在居民自治、社区党建、社区服务等方面探索出的"盐田模式""南山模式""桃源居模式"为例,阐释三者之间的关系并分析其中的优缺点,对于研判城市社区治理体系改革的趋向和特征有启迪作用。

The reform of urban community management system is a comprehensive adjustment of the power-function relationship between neighborhood committees and various community organizations,with residents’autonomy,party and government-led model and enterprise involvement being three different pathways.It is very clear that the reformer is well aware of the distinctiveness of practical problems in the communities and attempts to tackle with differentiated solutions,which will tremendously influence the direction of reform in urban governance.In the context of increasing housing commercialization,community transformation,diversified community stakeholders,legal consciousness,and sense of autonomy,the paper expounds on the trend and features of reform of urban community management system from the perspectives of residents’autonomy,party construction in communities and community service by case study of models from three of Shenzhen’s local communities,i.e.,Yantian,Nanshan and Taoyuanju.