木质纤维原料蒸汽爆破预处理技术与应用现状

The Steam Explosion Technology of Lignocellulose and Application Status

蒸汽爆破主要通过高温高压蒸汽的瞬间释压来破坏纤维细胞壁,是一种绿色且高效的生物质预处理技术.本文综述影响蒸汽爆破预处理效果的主要因素,并介绍一种新型的爆破技术——温压分控爆破技术,该技术克服了传统蒸汽爆破技术不能将温度和压力对木质纤维原料的影响区分开来的缺点.此外,蒸汽爆破技术在生物质领域已得到广泛应用,本文也对蒸汽爆破技术在生物质能源、生物质基材料以及相关化学品方面的应用进行解析,并对蒸汽爆破的发展前景进行展望.

Steam explosion technology,a green and efficient pretreatment technology of biomass,has been known as a very promising pretreatment technology.In the steam explosion process,the fiber cell wall would be destroyed by instantaneous pressure relief of high temperature and high pressure steam.This review article first summarizes the main influences of parameters on steam explosion pretreatment effect,and then introduces a new-type explosion technology,temperature-pressure severally controlled explosion technology.Therefore,this new technology could distinguish the effects of temperature and pressure on lignocellulose materials,which,however,cannot be achieved by the traditional steam explosion.Moreover,steam explosion technology has been widely used in biomass fields,including biomass energy,biomass-based materials and related chemicals,which is also reviewed in this article.Meanwhile,the development prospect of steam explosion technology is expected.