实习护生工作场所垂直暴力发生现状及影响因素研究

Status and influencing factors of vertical violence in nursing students'practice workplace

目的:了解实习护生工作场所垂直暴力发生现状、影响因素及其复原力在护生遭受垂直暴力过程中的作用。方法:2019年12月—2020年1月便利抽取在锦州市3所三级甲等医院实习的245名护生,采用一般资料调查问卷、护生实习工作场所垂直暴力问卷、大学生复原力量表进行调查。结果:87.8%的实习护生经历过工作场所垂直暴力;是否能与施暴者沟通并相互理解、是否向家人或朋友倾诉、是否提醒自己加倍努力变优秀、是否出现心理负面影响、是否考虑离开护理行业5个方面复原力得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);年龄、教育程度、职业认同、敏感人格以及复原力是实习护生发生工作场所垂直暴力的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:实习护生遭受垂直暴力事件较为普遍,对其心理及生理产生一定的负面影响,复原力的保护作用使其能够良好地应对压力。

Objective:To investigate the status quo of vertical violence and its influencing factors in nursing students'practice workplace and the role of resilience in the process of vertical violence suffered by nursing students.Methods:From December 2019 to January 2020,a total of 245 nursing students who practiced in 3 tertiary⁃grade⁃A hospitals in Jinzhou city were conveniently selected.The survey was conducted by using the general information questionnaire,the vertical violence questionnaire in nursing students'practice workplace,and the Resilience Scale for College Students.Results:A total of 87.8%of nursing students experienced vertical violence in the workplace.There were statistically significant differences in resilience scores of five aspects:whether they could communicate with the perpetrator and understand each other,whether they confided to family members or friends,whether they reminded themselves to redouble their efforts to become excellent,whether they had psychological negative effects,and whether they considered leaving the nursing profession(P<0.05).Age,education level,occupational identity,sensitive personality,and resilience were the influencing factors of vertical violence in the practice workplace of nursing students(P<0.05).Conclusions:It is common for nursing students to suffer from vertical violence,which has a certain negative impact on their psychology and physiology.The protective effect of resilience enabled them to cope with pressure well.