武汉市10家三级甲等医院儿科护士心理韧性对职业倦怠的影响

Effect of psychological resilience on job burnout of pediatric nurses from ten grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan City

目的了解武汉市三级甲等医院儿科护士职业倦怠水平现状,并分析心理韧性对于职业倦怠的影响作用,为降低儿科护士职业倦怠水平提供参考依据。方法 2019年9—10月,使用简单随机的方法在武汉市选择10家三级甲等医院的儿科护士作为调查对象,并对数据进行分析。结果回收有效问卷485份;情感衰竭维度处于中度水平的儿科护士有380人,占78.35%,得分为24.90±2.17;去人格化维度处于中度水平的儿科护士有260人,占53.60%,得分为4.86±2.58;具有高度个人成就感的儿科护士仅有19人,占3.91%,得分为30.94±3.23;坚韧、力量和乐观负向影响情感衰竭和去人格化,回归系数β在-0.030~-0.092之间,相反的是,心理韧性对护士的个人成就感产生正向影响(β坚韧=0.060,β力量=0.062,β乐观=0.108);婚姻状况、工作年限和年龄等部分控制变量对护士职业倦怠产生显著影响。结论医院应对儿科护士的职业倦怠引起重视,采取有效措施增强儿科护士心理韧性以进一步降低职业倦怠水平。

Objective To explore the state of job burnout of pediatric nurses from grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan City,analyze the effect of psychological resilience on job burnout, provide reference for reducing the level of job burnout of pediatric nurses. Methods The simple random method was used to select pediatric nurses from ten grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan City in September to October 2019. And the data were analyzed. Results A total of 485 valid questionnaires were collected. 380 pediatric nurses were at a moderate level for the dimension of emotional exhaustion, accounting for 78.35%, with the score of 24.90±2.17. 260 pediatric nurses were at a moderate level for the depersonalization dimension, accounting for 53.60%, with the score of 4.86±2.58. Only 19 pediatric nurses had a high sense of personal accomplishment, accounting for 3.91%, with the score of 30.94 ±3.23. Resilience, strength and optimism negatively affected emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and the regression coefficients(β) were between -0.030 and -0.092. On the contrary, psychological resilience had a positive impact on personal achievement of nurses (βesilience=0.060, βstrength=0.062, βoptimism=0.108). Some control variables such as marital status, working years and age had significant effects on nurses’ job burnout. Conclusion The hospitals should focus on the pediatric nurses’ job burnout,and take effective measures to enhance the psychological resilience of pediatric nurses to further reduce the level of job burnout.