线粒体质量控制新途径:线粒体衍生囊泡

A new pathway for mitochondrial quality control:mitochondrial-derived vesicle

线粒体是真核细胞中非常复杂的双膜细胞器。在生理状态下,线粒体再生和降解是平衡的;细胞器中的蛋白质、脂质和DNA等组分受到损伤时,通过分裂、融合、自噬等途径维持线粒体稳态,以保持线粒体结构和功能的完整,这一过程通常称为"线粒体质量控制"。线粒体衍生囊泡(MDV)是新近发现的线粒体质量控制途径,在细胞应激早期有助于维持线粒体功能稳定,并在线粒体氧化应激中发挥重要作用。我们拟综述MDV的发现、转运途径、货物的选择以及对细胞的生理影响等。

Mitochondria are very complex dual membrane organelles in eukaryotic cells.Under physiological conditions,the regeneration and degradation of mitochondria are balanced.When the components of the proteins,lipids and DNA in the organelles are damaged,the steady state of the mitochondria is maintained by means of division,fusion,autophagy and the like,so as to maintain the integrity of the mitochondrial structure and function,which is commonly referred to as a"mitochondrial mass control".Mitochondrial-derived vesicle(MDV)is a newly discovered pathway of mitochondrial quality control,which plays an important role in the early stage of cell stress and helps maintain the stability of mitochondrial function.In this paper,the discovery of MDV,the transport pathway,the choice of goods and the physiological effects on cells are reviewed.