中国废除毒品犯罪死刑的刑事政策分析

Research on China’s Criminal Policies on Abolishing the Death Penalty for Drug Crimes

作为一种具有突出营利关切的犯罪,毒品犯罪既非国际公约规定的最严重罪行,也存在相当复杂的毒品病理和社会因素,并非严刑峻罚所能消灭、控制的。从犯罪治理的刑事政策抑或系统理论的角度来看,只要毒品需求、毒品市场仍然存在,毒品犯罪治理就要尊重市场供给的规律,以最低限度的国家供给保障毒品成瘾者的人道底线,以各种社会力量的合作形成系统的社会反应体系,预防毒品犯罪的发生;同时,废除毒品犯罪的死刑不仅有利于重刑观念的改善,还将在相关生存底线和技能的改善中,逐步实现刑事政策理论的人道化、民主化和系统化。因此,基于对"更好的生活"的追求,建议尽快修改立法,取消《刑法》中非暴力毒品犯罪的死刑,待时机成熟,再取消全部毒品犯罪的死刑。

As a crime with outstanding profit-making concerns,drug crime is not the most serious crime stipulated in the international conventions,but it involves complex drug pathology and social factors,which cannot be eliminated or controlled by severe penalties.From the perspective of criminal policy or system theory of crime governance,as long as the demand for drugs and the drug market still exist,the governance of drug crimes must observe the law of market supply,and guarantee the humanitarian bottom line of drug addicts with a minimum national supply.The cooperation between various social forces forms a systematic social response system to prevent drug crimes.At the same time,the abolition of death penalty for drug crimes is not only conducive to the improvement of the concept of severe punishment,but will also gradually realize humanization,democratization and systematization of policy theory in the improvement of survival bottom lines and skills related.Therefore,based on the idea of the people’s pursuit of a better life,it is recommended to amend the legislation of abolishing the death penalty for non-violent drug crimes in the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China.When it is the right time,the death penalty for all drug crimes will be abolished.