某市公共场所公共用品用具达标的影响因素分析

Analysis of factors affected public goods and appliances reaching standard in a city

目的了解2018—2019年甘肃省某市公共场所公共用品用具卫生达标的影响因素,为加强公共场所卫生管理、提高传染病防控技术以及公共场所卫生水平提供科学依据。方法分析2018—2019年1256份公共场所样品的微生物检测结果,按照《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》GB 37488-2019评价,采用单因素分析方法发现场所类型、量化分级和卫生知晓对公共用品用具的达标情况有显著影响的因素,利用二元Logistic回归分析进一步探究影响公共用品达标情况的因素。结果公共用品用具在宾馆/酒店占62.8%,量化分级A级占18.0%,卫生知晓占68.4%;回归分析显示,量化分级从C到A每变化一级,公共用品用具达标率增长56.2%(β=0.562);与不知晓的对象相比,卫生知晓每变化一个单位,公共用品用具达标率提升73.4%(β=0.734);以沐浴场所为参照,场所类型为宾馆或酒店时、公共用品用具达标的概率增加65.8%(β=0.658),场所类型为理发店时、公共用品用具达标的概率增加119.8%(β=1.198),场所类型为美容店时、公共用品用具达标的概率增加59.4%(β=0.594)。结论公共用品用具达标率主要受量化分级、卫生知晓情况以及场所类型影响;为提高公共场所卫生水平,应增强卫生监督监管力度并加强场所服务人员的卫生知识宣传教育。

Objective To understand the factors affecting public goods and appliances reaching sanitary standards in the public places in a city of Gansu province from 2018 to 2019,and provide scientific basis for strengthening the sanitation management in public places,improving the technical level of infectious disease prevention and control and sanitation level of public places.Methods The results of microbiological detection of 1256 samples collected from public places from 2018 to 2019 were analyzed and evaluated according to the Requirements for Health Indicators and Limits in Public Places(GB 37488-2019).Single-factor analysis method was taken to analyze the factors of place type,quantitative grading and hygiene awareness significantly affecting the public goods and appliances reaching standard.The influencing factors were further explored with binary Logistic regression analysis.Results The public goods and appliances accounted for 62.8%in hotels,grade A by quantitative grading accounted for 18.0%,and the hygiene awareness rate was 68.4%.Regression analysis showed that the rate of reaching standard increased 56.2%(β=0.562),when every grade of change of quantitative grading occurred from grade C to A.Compared with the unawareness,the awareness rate of the public goods and appliances increased 73.4%(β=0.734)in accordance with the change of every unit of hygiene awareness.Taken bath places as reference,the probability of reaching standard increased 65.8%(β=0.658)for the place type of hotel,119.8%(β=1.198)for the place type of barbershop,and 59.4%(β=0.594)for the place type of beauty salon.Conclusions The rate of reaching standard of public goods and appliances is mainly influenced by quantitative grading,hygiene awareness and type of place.The health supervision should be reinforced,the publicity and education of health knowledge should be enhanced in the service personnel in the public places.