2015-2019年漯河市临颍县3~19岁人群传染病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases among people aged 3-19 years old in Linying County of Luohe City from 2015-2019

目的了解漯河市临颍县3~19岁人群传染病流行特征,为学校传染病防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对国家传染病报告管理信息系统中报告的2015-2019年临颍县3~19岁人群传染病流行特征进行分析。结果2015-2019年共报告传染病1269例,年均发病率为169.40/10万,其中,男性818例(占64.46%),年均发病率为191.75/10万,女性451例(占35.54%),年均发病率为139.84/10万。年均报告100例以上的为流行性腮腺炎,占报告总数的41.77%,其次为手足口病(占15.92%)和水痘(占14.26%);年均报告10例以上的为其他感染性腹泻(年均发病23例)和流行性感冒(年均发病16例);年均报告5例以上的是肺结核、梅毒、痢疾和乙型肝炎。流行性腮腺炎发病占比在各年龄段均处于高位,3~5岁以手足口病多发,6~14岁发病以水痘为主,15~19岁肺结核和性病多发。结论2015-2019年临颍县3~19岁人群传染病流行势态总体下降,主要呈现男性高于女性及低龄组高于高龄组的规律。流行性腮腺炎、手足口病、水痘、肺结核和性病是不同年龄阶段学生重点预防的传染病,学校应在疾控机构指导下结合不同年龄组传染病发病特点,做好防控工作。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases among people aged 3-19 years old in Linying County of Luohe City,provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases cases among people aged 3-19 years old in Linying County from 2015-2019,which were reported in the national infectious diseases report management information system.Results Totally 1269 cases of infectious diseases were reported from 2015-2019,with an average annual incidence rate of 169.40/lakh.Among them,818 cases(64.46%)were male,the average incidence rate was 191.75/lakh,and 451 cases(35.54%)were females,the average annual incidence rate was 139.84/lakh.Among the infectious diseases reported annually more than 100 cases,mumps accounted for 41.77%of the total reported cases,followed by hand-foot-mouth disease(15.92%)and varicella(14.26%).The infectious diseases reported annually more than 10 cases included other infectious diarrhea(23 cases annually)and influenza(16 cases annually).The infectious diseases reported annually more than 5 cases included tuberculosis,syphilis,dysentery and hepatitis B.The proportion of mumps cases was high in all age groups.Hand-foot-mouth disease was the most common disease in 3-5 year-old group,varicella in 6-14 year-old group,while tuberculosis and venereal disease in 15-19 years old.Conclusion From 2015-2019,the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in people aged 3-19 years old in Linying County is declining,mainly showing the pattern of male is higher than female and low age group is higher than high age group.Mumps,hand-foot-mouth disease,varicella,tuberculosis and venereal diseases are the most important infectious diseases for students of different ages.Under the guidance of disease control institutions,schools should implement the prevention and control according to the characteristics of infectious diseases in different age groups.