核医学科工作人员放射性职业危害因素来源及防护对策研究进展

Research progress on sources and protective countermeasures of radioactive occupational hazards of nuclear medicine workers

核医学是利用核素和核技术进行生命科学和基础医学研究并诊断治疗疾病的一门新兴综合性交叉学科。在核医学诊疗活动中,放射性药物摄入导致的人体内照射、放射性核素及正电子发射型计算机断层显像/X射线断层扫描技术(PET/CT)设备使用导致的人体外照射等会对工作人员造成辐射危害。我们通过查阅相关文献,就核医学科存在的主要职业危害因素的来源及防护对策进行了综述,旨在为完善防护管理制度、改善核医学科工作环境以及降低放射性职业危害因素对核医学科工作人员的危害和影响提供参考依据和数据支持。

Nuclear medicine is an emerging comprehensive interdisciplinary subject that uses nuclide and nuclear technology to conduct life science and basic medical research to diagnose and treat diseases.In the diagnosis and treatment of nuclear medicine,internal exposure caused by radiopharmaceutical uptake,and external radiation caused by use of radionuclide and positron emission computed tomography/X-ray to mography(PET/CT)equipment may cause radiation hazard to nuclear medicine workers.The paper summarizes the sources of main occupational hazard factors and protective countermeasures in nuclear medicine through the literature review,so as to provide the reference and data support for completing the protection management system,improving the working environment of the nuclear medicine department,and reducing the hazards and impacts of radioactive occupational hazards on the nuclear medicine workers.