河北白鹅线粒体DNA D-loop序列遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of mitochondrial DNA D-loop region in Hebei white goose

为了更好地保护和利用河北省地方品种——河北白鹅的遗传资源,试验采用PCR和测序技术对30只河北白鹅的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)控制区(D-loop)序列进行研究,并与GenBank中公布的家鹅品种mtDNA D-loop序列进行比对,分析河北白鹅mtDNA D-loop的遗传多样性及起源。结果表明:河北白鹅mtDNA D-loop序列中碱基A、C、G和T的含量分别为29.44%、28.96%、15.68%、25.92%,并检测到1个变异位点,组成H1、H2两种单倍型,平均核苷酸差异为0.494,核苷酸多样度为0.000 79,单倍型多样度为0.494。河北白鹅单倍型H1与丰城鹅、永康灰鹅、籽鹅、太湖鹅和鸿雁聚为一类,河北白鹅单倍型H2与莱茵鹅、伊犁鹅聚为一类。说明河北白鹅遗传多样性较低,单倍型H1起源于鸿雁,单倍型H2与伊犁鹅等亲缘关系较近。

To better protect and utilize the genetic resources of Hebei white goose, a local breed in Hebei province, the sequence of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) control area(D-loop) was studied by PCR and sequencing technology, and compared with mtDNA D-loop sequences from other goose breeds published in GenBank, so as to analyze the genetic diversity and origin of the mtDNA D-loop sequences of Hebei white geese. The results showed that the content of nucleotide A,C,G and T is 29.44%, 28.96%, 15.68%, and 25.92%, respectively, and one mutation site was detected, as well as two haplotypes, H1 and H2. The average nucleotide difference, diversity of nucleotide and diversity of haplotype was 0.494, 0.000 79 and 0.494, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the haplotypte H1 was clustered with Fengcheng goose, Yongkang grey goose, Zi goose, Taihu goose and swan goose, and H2 was clustered with Rhine goose and Yili goose. These results indicated that the genetic diversity in Hebei white geese was low, haplotype H1 originated from swan goose, and H2 and was closely related to Yili geese.