美国高校年度报告中文化-认知调查——基于正当性的制度视角分析

Culture-Cognition Survey in the Annual Reporting of American Universities——Analysis Based on Institutional Legitimacy Perspective

文化-认知调查是美国高校年度报告中关注不同社会群体感受,尤其是学生群体感受的制度形式。消费者理念、依法行事、投入-回报等共同信念构成了文化-认知调查外源性和内源性的动力,驱动了多样化调查类型的产生,使其呈现出多级多类的格局结构。正当性的制度视角分析发现,目的动因、调查形式、参与主体、技术手段等均是文化-认知调查的正当性表现方式。客观理性层面上,文化-认知调查具有竞争与互补双重功能、生成了信息竞争机制、具有专业性特色;主观认同层面上,文化-认知调查得到公众的积极参与和信任、具备公众认同的鲜明类型。文化-认知调查提升了美国高等教育质量,但未来仍应增强改革的正当性。

Cultural-cognitive survey is an institutional form of the annual reporting of American universities that focuses on the feelings of different social groups,especially the feelings of students.Common beliefs including consumer concept,law-based behavior,and investment-return constitute the exogenous power and endogenous power of culture-cognitive survey,which drives the generation of diversified investigation types.Culture-cognitive survey is a multiple hierarchical and multiple category structure.In the further deconstruction,institutional perspective of legitimacy analysis shows that cultural-cognitive investigation has many legitimate ways of expression,which are the subject of participation,the source of purpose,the form of investigation and the technical means.The legitimacy of culture-cognition investigation is manifested in two aspects.On the objective level,culture-cognition survey has the function of competition and complementation,generates the information competition mechanism,and has the characteristics of strong specialization.On the subjective level,cultural-cognitive surveys are actively engaged and trusted by the public,and the types of survey are recognized by the public.Culture-cognition survey has led to the development of the quality of higher education in the United States,but the legitimacy of reform should also be strengthened in the future.