花生联合收获机摘果装置的创新设计

Innovative Design on Picking Device for Peanut Combine Harvester

针对花生联合收获机摘果装置中存在的摘净率不高、荚果破碎率高等问题,采用TRIZ理论对摘果装置进行功能分析、因果分析、冲突区域确定、理想解分析和资源分析,确定了摘净率不高和荚果破碎率高的根问题。以提高摘净率为主要目标,建立矛盾矩阵,找出对应的发明原理,提出了增加2个摘果滚筒设计方案;为了降低荚果破碎率,建立了花生摘果装置的物—场模型,提出了增加监测装置的方案。综合分析得出:增加摘果滚筒和摘果间隙调节机构来提高摘净率;加装转速监测装置实时监测摘果滚筒转速,进而降低荚果破碎率,监测装置是创新设计的一个思路,效果有待以后验证。

In order to solve the problems of low unpicked net loss rate,high crushing rate in the picking device for peanut combine harvester,TRIZ theory was used for functional analysis,causal analysis,conflict zone determination,ideal solution analysis and resource analysis,and the cause for low unpicked net loss rate,high crushing rate in the picking device problem was studied.Aiming to improve unpicked net loss rate,the contradiction matrix was established,the corresponding invention principle was found out,and the resolution to add 2 picking cylinders was put forward.In order to reduce the crushing rate,a matter-field model of the picking device was established and a monitoring device for cylinder revolution was proposed.The result showed that the low unpicked net loss rate can be raised by increasing the picking cylinders and the adjusting mechanism of the picking gap.The real-time speed monitoring and adjusting device was installed so as to reduce the crushing rate.