内蒙古自治区苏尼特左旗草原畜牧业现代化水平综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of grassland animal husbandry modernization level in Sonid Left Banner of Inner Mongolia

近年来,内蒙古自治区(以下简称内蒙古)受草原生态承载力的约束,牧区经济发展速度逐渐放缓。寻找以生态优先、绿色发展为导向的畜牧业高质量发展的新路子成为亟需解决的问题,这必然要求在保持传统畜牧业发展优势的基础上逐步向现代化畜牧业转变,达到保护生态、助力脱贫攻坚、实现牧区振兴的目标。笔者借鉴国内外学者的研究成果,以内蒙古苏尼特左旗牧区发展为例,构建草原畜牧业现代化评价指标体系,运用全局主成分分析法进行测评,通过横向、纵向两个角度进行对比,深入分析苏尼特左旗2001—2017年期间草原畜牧业现代化水平的动态变化。结果表明:草原生态建设是制约其发展的关键因素;科学技术人员缺乏是其发展的短板;水利建设不完善是当前亟需解决的问题。笔者根据研究结论,提出发展信息化产业、完善水利设施、加大科技投入和加强草原生态建设的建议。

In recent years, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(here in after referred to as Inner Mongolia) is constrained by the grassland ecological carrying capacity, and the economic development speed of pastoral areas is gradually slowing down. It is an urgent problem to find a new way for high-quality development of animal husbandry with ecological priority and green development, which inevitably requires the gradual transformation to modern animal husbandry on the basis of maintaining the development advantages of traditional animal husbandry, in order to protect the ecology, overcome poverty and achieve the goal of revitalizing pastoral areas. Based on the research results of scholars at home and abroad, the author took the development of the Sonid Left Banner pastoral area in Inner Mongolia as an example, and then constructed an evaluation index system for the modernization of grassland animal husbandry. The dynamic change of grassland animal husbandry modernization level in Sonid Left Banner from 2001 to 2017 was deeply analyzed by using global principal component analysis and comparing from two perspectives, horizontal and vertical. The results showed that grassland ecological construction was the key factor restricting its development. The shortage of scientific and technical personnel was the shortcoming of its development. Imperfect water conservancy facilities was an urgent problem to be solved at present. According to the research conclusion, the author put forward the suggestions of developing the informationization industry, perfecting the water conservancy facilities, increasing the investment in science and technology and strengthening the grassland ecological construction.