西域文化与盛唐诗歌百年研究的回顾与反思

Review and Reflection on the Century Study of the Western Region Culture and Poetry in the Prosperous Tang Dynasty

自20世纪初至今,研究者在西域文化对盛唐诗歌的影响方面的探讨,取得了很大的成就,但也存在诸多的不足。其成就主要有四方面:一是对盛唐胡乐舞的文化知识及其对诗歌的影响分析得较为详细;二是对葡萄酒传入中原的历史过程及其对盛唐诗歌的影响研究得较为深入;三是对盛唐诗歌的胡姬形象、胡商形象与蕃僧形象及其文化意蕴有较为准确的分析与概括;四是探明盛唐诗歌特质的形成主要得益于塞外少数民族人民身上那种富含铁质血液的输入。其不足主要为:一是胡乐、胡舞、胡戏进入文学的过程及其对盛唐诗歌的影响阐释得不够充分;二是胡酒文化意蕴的形成与变化及其对盛唐诗歌的影响探讨得不够深入;三是盛唐诗中的胡人形象及其成因与文学意义的探讨还不全面;四是西域文化如何给盛唐诗歌注入生命活力的研究还有待推进。这些成就与不足表明,在已有研究成果的基础上继续探讨西域文化对盛唐诗歌的影响,仍具有重要的学术价值。

Since the beginning of the 20th century,researchers have made great achievements in the study of the influence of the western region culture on the poetry of Tang Dynasty,but there are also many shortcomings.The main achievements can be summarized in such four aspects:firstly,the cultural knowledge and influence of poetry of western region music and dance are discussed thoroughly;secondly,the historical process of the introduction of wine into the Central Plains and its influence on the poetry of the Tang Dynasty in its full bloom have been studied profoundly;.hirdly,in the glorious age of Tang poetry image of people in western region such as women,merchant,monk,and its cultural implication have a more accurate analysis and summary;fourthly,the fact that major characteristics of Tang poetry is formed by the introduction of these cultural features of ethnic groups in western region is fully analyzed;fifthly,the fact that specific geographical space of Tang poetry does not accord with the reality is also explained.Meanwhile,the main shortcomings are as follows:firstly,the process of western region music,dance and play entering into literature and its influence on the poetry of the Tang Dynasty in its full bloom is not fully explained;secondly,the formation and change of the cultural implication of western region wine and its influence on Tang poetry are not deeply discussed;thirdly,the study on the image or western region man and its causes and literary significance in the poems of the Tang Dynasty hasn’t been completely revealed;fourthly,the study of how the western region civilization injected vitality into the poetry of the Tang Dynasty has yet to be advanced;finally,the frontier fortress concept of poets in the Tang Dynasty has not been fully outlined.In a word,on the basis of the existing research results,it is still of great academic value to continue to discuss the influence of the western region civilization on the poetry of Tang Dynasty.