铜尾矿区土壤重金属污染与生态风险评价研究

Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment in Copper Tailings Area

通过对铜陵市杨山冲尾矿库及周边农田土壤实地采集的52个样品,利用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法、地质累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法对研究区土壤污染现状以及潜在风险进行研究评价。应用相关性分析和主成分分析,揭示研究区土壤重金属污染主要来源。研究结果表明,研究区土壤元素As、Pb、Cu、Ni、Zn均超过土壤背景值,存在一定程度富集;尾矿库土壤污染程度要较农田土壤更严重,土壤As、Ni和Pb元素为主要污染因子。潜在生态风险结果表明,尾矿库土壤呈中度风险,周边农田土壤呈轻度风险;元素As、Pb、Cr、Ni主要来源于人为活动,元素Cu、Zn受人为和自然因素的共同影响。

Based on 52 samples collected from the Yang Shanchong tailings pond and surrounding farmland soil in Tongling City,the present situation and potential risks of soil pollution in the study area were studied and evaluated by using single factor pollution index method,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method,geological accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method;Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to reveal the main sources of soil heavy metal pollution in the study area.The research results show that the soil elements As,Pb,Cu,Ni,and Zn in the study area all exceed the soil background value,and there is a certain degree of enrichment;The pollution degree of tailings pond is more serious than that of farmland soil,and soil As,Ni and Pb are the main pollution factors;The results of potential ecological risk show that the soil of tailings pond is moderately risky and the soil of surrounding farmland is slightly risky.Elements As,Pb,Cr and Ni mainly come from human activities,while elements Cu and Zn are influenced by human and natural factors.