清代莫晋绢本书法立轴的科学分析

Scientific analysis of a silk calligraphy scroll by Mo Jin of the Qing Dynasty

上海博物馆藏清代进士莫晋(1761—1826)书法立轴(145 cm×50 cm),画芯为绢本。绢表面被红色涂层覆盖,上面有云纹、蝙蝠纹和“寿”字纹等手绘花纹,加工方式特殊。为科学保护这件文物,采用了视频显微镜、扫描电镜能谱仪、红外光谱、拉曼光谱和高光谱等无损(微损)检测技术对文物材料及制作方法进行研究。结果表明,该件文物用绢组织结构稀疏,背面采用三桠皮纸托裱;将铅白染色涂于绢表面进行加工,再采用高岭土和银粉绘制云纹、蝙蝠等;同时对文物模糊印章进行了有效提取。该研究结果为后续保护修复提供了科学依据。

A portion of a silk calligraphy scroll was restored recently at Shanghai Museum.The surface of the silk is covered with a red coating,and there are hand-painted patterns such as cloud patterns,bat patterns and“Shou”(寿)character patterns.In order to protect the scroll,non-destructive(micro damage)detection technologies such as video microscopy,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectrometry,Raman spectrometry and hyperspectral imaging were used,prior to restoration,to identify the materials and processing methods used.The results show that little of the silk used for this scroll remains.After mounting a layer of paper on the back,the silk surface was painted with lead white,and then cloud and bat patterns were drawn with kaolin and silver powder.Also,the fuzzy seal was effectively extracted.The study provides a scientific basis for subsequent conservation and restoration.