移栽密度对不同熟期杂交稻产量和光能利用率的影响

Effect of Plant Density on Grain Yield and Radiation Use Efficiency of Hybrid Rice with Different Growth Duration Grown under Different Ecological Conditions

为探明不同生态条件下移栽密度对不同熟期杂交稻产量和光能利用率的影响,以早熟杂交稻川作优8727、中熟杂交稻辐优838、迟熟杂交稻内6优107为材料,在四川德阳和泸州进行大田试验,研究不同移栽密度(D1.12万穴/hm^(2),D2.15万穴/hm^(2),D3.18万穴/hm^(2),D4.21万穴/hm^(2),D5.24万穴/hm^(2))对不同熟期杂交稻产量和光能利用率的影响。结果表明:不同生态区间杂交稻产量差异较大。德阳点不同熟期杂交稻平均产量为10.33t/hm^(2),较泸州点增产19.0%,其增产优势主要表现在有效穗数、每穗粒数、颖花量、结实率、干物质量和收获指数上。高密度(D5)条件下,德阳点川作优8727产量与辐优838、内6优107相比无显著下降,光能利用率显著高于辐优838、内6优107;泸州点川作优8727产量和光能利用率显著低于辐优838、内6优107。移栽密度对不同熟期杂交稻产量影响显著,随移栽密度增加,产量增加。德阳点D5处理杂交稻产量显著高于D1、D2、D3处理,与D4处理差异不显著;泸州点D5处理杂交稻产量显著高于D1、D2处理,与D3、D4处理差异不显著。可见,德阳点杂交稻适宜的移栽密度为21万^(2)4万穴/hm^(2),泸州点适宜的移栽密度为18万^(2)4万穴/hm^(2)。

In order to understand the effect of plant density on grain yield and radiation use efficiency(RUE)of hybrid rice cultivars with different maturity,field experiment with early maturity rice cultivar Chuanzuoyou 8727 in Sichuan.Medium maturity rice cultivar Fuyou 838 and late maturity rice cultivar Neiliuyou 107 were conducted in Deyang and Luzhou in Sichuan.These hybrid rice cultivars grew at five plant densities levels:12 hills/m^(2)(D1),15 hills/m^(2)(D2),18 hills/m^(2)(D3),21 hills/m^(2)(D4)and 24 hills/m^(2)(D5).The results showed that the average grain yield of hybrid rice cultivars at Deyang City was 10.33 t/hm^(2),which was 19.0% higher than that in Luzhou.The high grain yield of hybrid rice cultivars at Deyang was attributed to high panicles per m^(2),spikelets per panicle,spikelets per m^(2),grain filling,dry matter and harvest index.Under high plant density condition(D5),grain yield of Chuanzuoyou 8727 was equal to that of Fuyou 838 and Neiliuyou 107 at Deyang,whereas Chuanzuoyou 8727 had higher RUE than Fuyou 838 and Neiliuyou107.Chuanzuoyou 8727 had significantly lower grain yield and RUE than Fuyou 838 and Neiliuyou 107 in Luzhou.Grain yield of hybrid rice cultivars were significantly affected by the plant density.Grain yield and RUE of hybrid rice cultivars increased with plant density increasing at both ecological conditions.At Deyang,Grain yield of hybrid rice cultivars under D5 was significantly higher than D3,D2 and D1,whereas the difference in grain yield between D5 and D4 was relatively small in Luzhou,the grain yield under D5 was significantly higher than D2 and Dl.There were no significantly differences in grain yield among D5,D4 and D3.Our results suggested that the suitable planting density of hybrid rice was 21-24 hills/m^(2) in Deyang,and the suitable planting density of hybrid rice was 18-24 hills/m^(2) in Luzhou.