群体密度对紫薯新品种临薯2号的生长和商品薯产量的影响

Effects of Population Density on Growth and Yield of New Purple Potato Variety Linshu No.2

为了构建紫薯新品种临薯2号的最佳群体结构,采用随机排列方法,设置42015(T1)、47055(T2)、53475(T3)、61920(T4)、73530株/hm^(2)(T5)5个密度处理,分析不同群体密度对秧蔓生长、结薯习性及商品薯产量的影响。结果表明,随着群体密度提高,临薯2号地上部与地下部鲜质量比值(T/R)和单株结薯数均表现为逐渐增加的趋势,以T5处理最大,T/R值和单株结薯个数分别为9.15和6.22个;群体鲜薯产量为T4>T3>T2>T1>T5,其中T4处理产量为42724.8 kg/hm^(2);商品薯产量为T2>T3>T4>T1>T5,其中T2处理产量为36505.6kg/hm^(2);商品薯率则表现为随群体密度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,T2处理最高,达90.21%。综合分析,47055~53475株/hm^(2)的中等群体密度可兼顾单株个体发育与群体协同生长,能合理构建地上秧蔓与地下薯块协调健壮生长的群体结构,提高商品薯率和商品薯产量。

In order to construct the best population structure of new purple potato Linshu No.2,five density treatments of 42015(T1),47055(T2),53475(T3),61920(T4)and 73530 plants/hm^(2)(T5)were designed by random arrangement method.The effects of different population densities on seedling vine growth,potato colonization habits and commercial potato yield were studied.The results showed that with the increase of population density,the ratio of fresh weight of aboveground to underground and the number of tubers per plant of Linshu No.2 increased gradually,and the T5 treatment was the highest;The T/R value and the number of tubers per plant were 9.15 and 6.22 respectively,and the fresh potato yield was T4>T3>T2>T1>T5,and the yield of T4 treatment was 42724.8 kg/hm^(2).The yield of commercial tubers was T2>T3>T4>T1>T5,in which the yield of T2 treatment was 36505.6 kg/hm^(2),and the rate of commercial potato increased at first and then decreased with the increase of population density,and the T2 treatment was the highest,up to 90.21%.Comprehensive analysis showed that the medium population density of 47055 to 53475 plants/hm^(2) could take into account both individual plant development and population coordinated growth,and could reasonably construct a population structure of coordinated and robust growth between aboveground vines and underground potato blocks,and increase the rate and yield of commercial potato.