高抗黑穗病甘蔗新品种‘中糖2号’的选育

Breeding of a New Sugarcane Variety‘Zhongtang No.2’with High Resistance to Smut

本文详细阐述了高抗黑穗病、高产高糖的‘中糖2号’甘蔗新品种的选育过程,并就其蔗茎产量、抗黑穗病鉴定、特征特性等进行综合分析。‘中糖2号’(ZT2)是中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所从‘热引1号’ב新台糖22号’(ROC22)杂交组合后代中选育出的甘蔗优良新品种,2019年获得农业农村部认定的非主要农作物新品种登记[编号:GPD甘蔗(2018)460029]。该品种表现为出芽整齐均匀、直立、易脱叶、抗倒伏、适宜机械化,高抗黑穗病。在海南临高的试验结果表明,‘中糖2号’1 a新植2 a宿根连续种植3 a平均蔗茎产量(117080 kg/hm^(2))比对照‘新台糖22号’(96330 kg/hm^(2))增产21.54%,其中宿根1 a和宿根2 a宿根甘蔗的蔗茎产量分别是112875 kg/hm^(2)和110625 kg/hm^(2),分别比对照‘新台糖22号’增产27.82%和34.73%。‘中糖2号’1 a新植2 a宿根连续种植3 a单位面积平均含糖量(14756 kg/hm^(2))比对照‘新台糖22号’增18.61%,其中宿根1 a和宿根2 a的宿根甘蔗的含糖量分别为14516 kg/hm^(2)和13874 kg/hm^(2),分别比对照‘新台糖22号’增25.29%和29.17%。多年的黑穗病自然发病调查结果显示,‘中糖2号’对黑穗病表现为高抗,人工接种结果也表明其为高抗。‘中糖2号’为高抗黑穗病的高产高糖新品种,既为甘蔗育种提供抗病的亲本材料,也为甘蔗生产提供抗病的生产用种。

This article elaborated on the selection process of the new sugarcane variety‘Zhongtang No.2’with high resistance to smut,high yield and high sugar,and a comprehensive analysis of its cane stalk yield,smut identification,and characteristics.‘Zhongtang No.2’is an excellent new sugarcane variety selected by the Institute of Tropical Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences from the progeny of the hybrid combination of‘Reyin 1’בROC22’.It was recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2019.Registration of new varieties of main crops[(No.GPD Sugarcane(2018)460029)].This variety shows neat and uniform buds,high resistance to smut,no susceptibility to stem borers,erect,easy to shed leaves,resistance to lodging,and is suitable for mechanization.The test results in Lingao,Hainan showed that the average sugarcane yield of‘Zhongtang No.2’(117080 kg/hm^(2))was higher than that of the control‘Xin Taitang 22’(96330 kg/hm^(2))the yield increased by 21.54%.The‘Zhongtang No.2’cane stem yield of ratoon sugarcane in the second year and the third year were 112875 kg/hm^(2) and 110625 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which were 27.82% and 34.73% higher than the control.The average sugar content of‘Zhongtang No.2’(14756 kg/hm^(2))was 18.61% higher than that of the control.The sugar content of the second year and the third year ratoon sugarcane were 14516 kg/hm^(2) and 13874 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which increased the sugar by 25.29% and 29.17%,respectively.Years of investigation on the natural incidence of smut showed that‘Zhongtang No.2’was highly resistant,and the incidence of artificial inoculation of smut was also highly resistant.‘Zhongtang No.2’is a new high-yielding and high-sugar variety with high resistance to smut.It not only provides disease-resistant parent material for sugarcane breeding,but also provides disease-resistant production seeds for sugarcane production.