基于时间同步的1553B总线通信协议设计

Design of a Kind of 1553B Bus Communication Protocol Based on Time Synchronization

MIL-STD-1553B总线控制器(BC)端应用程序操作总线控制芯片,在传统卫星中,每次通信发起后处理器都需等待,直到本次通信结束,以解决通信冲突问题,严重制约了对1553B总线的带宽利用。文章在对传统星载数据总线系统分析基础上,开发了一种基于时间同步的1553B总线通信协议,后台进程根据时间同步信号,统一对总线应用进行规划和操作,在此基础上,进一步设计了BC到RT端和RT到BC端两个通信握手协议。最后,通过试验进行了验证,经过数据分析表明:这种协议设计解决了通信冲突,大幅度提高总线带宽利用率;同时由于通信握手协议与具体的通信数据内容无关,便于构件化实现,从而提升了卫星数管软件的通用化和可靠性。

The application software of Bus Controller(BC)of MIL-STD-1553B data bus usually operates on the controller chip directly.For traditional onboard software,it would suspend the processor until the end of this communication in order to avoid communication conflicts.In this way,the bandwidth of the data bus is restricted because of the processor suspending.Based on analyses of the data bus system of traditional satellites,a 1553B data bus communication protocol is introduced in this article.In this protocol,the BC divides the communicate resource into several time cycle,called frame,and schedules and operates the data bus according to the time synchronization signal.Based on this system,we designed two handshake protocols(BC to RT and RT to BC).At last,we made experiments and vivified this protocol,the data showed this protocol resolves the communication conflict problems and improves the utilization ration of the data bus bandwidth.At the same time,the standardization of communication services makes the bus communication irrelevant with its content,which improves the generalization and the feasibility of the Onboard Date Handle(OBDH)software.