基于热泵的航天器热控系统研究进展

Research Progress of Spacecraft Thermal Control System Based on Heat Pump

从航天器热控系统面临的超大功率热传输以及高温环境的热排散问题出发,指出现有的热控技术已经无法满足发展的需求,进而需要发展基于热泵的热控系统,介绍了该系统所具有减少辐射器面积、有效利用能源以及热控系统减重的优势,同时指出热泵系统在航天领域应用所面临系统性能系数提高、微重力环境换热系数以及空间环境下压缩机润滑和冷却的问题以及国内外针对这些问题目前的解决措施,最后给出了基于热泵的热控系统未来的发展方向和研究重点。

Considering the challenges faced by the spacecraft thermal control systems for future space missions,this article points out that the existing thermal control technology can no longer meet the development requirements,and then proposes the needs of heat-pump-based thermal control systems.The advantages of heat-pump-based thermal control systems are introduced.Furthermore,the article analyzes the problems in the space application of heat pump,including coefficient of performance(COP)improvement,heat transfer coefficient under microgravity,compressor lubrication and cooling in space environment,followed with proposed solutions.Finally,the article provides the future development direction and research focus of heat-pump-based thermal control systems.