如何实现固态材料变形制冷?

How Does Deformation of Solid Material Induce Refrigeration?

固态弹热制冷通过固-固相变潜热的交替吸收和释放实现制冷,具有能效高、温变较大和无制冷剂等特点,是非气-液压缩制冷首选技术.本文概述弹热效应的制冷机理及测量方法,归纳总结镍钛基、铜基、铁基和哈斯勒型形状记忆合金体系作为弹热制冷材料的研究现状、潜力和现尚存问题,并对形状记忆合金弹热制冷材料的应用前景进行展望,以期为固态弹热制冷技术的推广应用提供参考.

The solid-elastocaloric refrigeration effect,characterized by high energy efficiency,large temperature change,and no refrigerant needed,is the preferred candidate of the non gas-liquid compression refrigeration technology,which takes advantage of the alternate absorption and the release of latent heat of solid-solid phase transformation to realize refrigeration.This paper describes the mechanism and test methods of the elastocaloric effect,and summarizes the research progress and problems in the Ti-Ni-based,Cu-based,Fe-based,and Heusler-type shape memory alloy as elastocaloric material.Moreover,it anticipates the research directions of the elastocaloric refrigeration materials based on the shape memory alloy,so as to enhance the application of the solid-elastocaloric refrigeration technology.