家族企业传承中代际冲突的成因、类型及影响

Causes,Types and Influences of Intergenerational Conflicts in Family Business Succession

当前我国家族企业进入代际传承的高峰期,代际冲突作为影响传承结果的重要因素,却没有得到学术界足够的关注。选取三家典型的家族企业,综合系统地研究了家族企业传承中代际冲突的成因、类型和对传承的影响。研究发现:①家族企业传承中的代际冲突可以分为认知型代际冲突和情感型代际冲突。②成长环境和教育程度的差异容易形成两代之间的认知型代际冲突;不良的父母陪伴和独生子女经历容易形成两代人之间的情感型代际冲突。③积极有效的沟通方式能够有效化解认知型代际冲突,有利于家族企业的顺利传承。④不良的父母陪伴和独生子女经历会增加认知型代际冲突转变为情感型代际冲突的风险。⑤情感型代际冲突很难通过沟通来解决,不利于家族企业的代际传承。基于这些研究结论,弥补了以往研究的不足,可对当前家族企业代际传承实践提供一定的理论启示。

At present,family business in China has entered the peak of intergenerational inheritance.Intergenerational conflicts,as an important factor affecting the result of inheritance,have not received enough attention from the academic community.This pape rselects three typical family businesses to comprehensively and systematically study the causes,types and effects of intergenerational conflicts in family business inheritance.The results show that:①Intergenerational conflicts in family business inheritance can be divided into cognitive intergenerational conflicts and emotional intergenerational conflicts.②The difference of growing environment and education level is easy to form the cognitive intergenerational conflict between the two generations;poor parental companionship and the experience of being an only child can easily create emotional conflicts between the two generations.The emotional intergenerational conflict between the two generations.③Positive and effective communication can effectively resolve the cognitive intergenerational conflict,which is conducive to the smooth inheritance of the family business.④The risk of cognitive intergenerational conflicts turning into emotional intergenerational conflicts will be increased by the poor parental company and only child experience.⑤Emotional intergenerational conflicts are difficult to be solved through communication,which is not conducive to the intergenerational inheritance of family business.Based on these conclusions,this paper makes up for the shortcomings of previous studies and provides some theoretical enlightenment for the current intergenerational inheritance practice of family business.