旅游企业全要素生产率对营运能力的影响研究——基于上市公司的技术创新

Research on the Impact of Tourism Companies’ TFP on Operating Capacity:Based on the Listed Companies’ Technological Innovation

文章基于2010—2019年旅游上市公司年报,利用曼奎斯特指数对旅游上市公司的全要素生产率进行测算和指标分解,发现旅游上市公司全要素生产率整体呈波动增长,年均增长4%,技术进步的增长效率显著高于追赶效应;同时,采用聚类法比较全要素生产率的差异,发现属于超前发展型的旅游企业极少,属于效率落后型的偏多;国有旅游上市公司的全要素生产率、技术效率变动指数均显著高于民营企业,而效率变化指数无显著区别;最后,回归分析显示,旅游上市公司全要素生产率每提高1个单位,则营运能力平均提高0.41个单位,验证了技术创新对旅游上市公司营运能力的影响。故此,文章提出以技术创新提升旅游企业全要素生产率的建议,以助力旅游业高质量发展。

Based on the data of tourism listed companies from 2010 to 2019,the paper evaluated the total factor productivity and disassemble the index through Malmquist index,the result show that the total factor productivity of tourism listed companies is increasing fluctuant and the average rate is 4 percent,and the increasing effect of technological innovation is higher than the pursuing effect significantly.Meanwhile,through the cluster analysis of the difference of total factor productivity,the paper found out the the tourism listed companies which developing ahead was very few,and many companies was efficiency behind.The total factor productivity and technical efficiency change index of state-owned tourism listed companies are higher than the private enterprise significantly,while the technical change index has no difference.Finally,the regression analysis show that when the total factor productivity of tourism listed companies increase 1 unit,the operating capacity will increase 0.41 unit,the result test the impact of total factor productivity on the operating capacity successfully.Thus,the article put forward the advice to improve total factor productivity of the tourism companies by technological innovation,and enhance the high quality development of tourism industry.