中国农业科研人才空间分布及其对农业高质量发展的影响

Spatial Distribution of Agricultural Research Talents in China and Its Impact on Agricultural High-quality Development

科研人才是农业自主创新能力提升的关键,也是农业高质量发展的重要驱动力。基于我国农业科研人才数据,使用空间统计与局部自相关分析方法探究其空间分布与收敛性,在此基础上构建回归模型检验农业科研人才空间分布对农业高质量发展的影响,并探索影响路径。结果表明:(1)我国农业科研人才空间分布表现出不均衡特征,总体呈现出东部地区密集、西北地区稀疏的特点,北京、山东和广东是农业科研高水平人才的集聚区域。(2)我国农业科研人才分布呈现一定的空间相关性,总体来看,我国农业科研人才的冷点集中在甘肃、青海等西部地区,无明显的热点区域。博士人才的热点区域包括上海、江苏、北京、天津,冷点区域则主要集中在西部地区;硕士人才热点区域包括江苏、上海与安徽,冷点区域集中在西部地区;本科农业科研人才未表现出明显的冷热点变化。(3)我国全体农业科研人才、博士及硕士人才集聚情况未表现出落后地区追赶领先地区的收敛趋势,但本科农业科研人才存在落后地区向领先地区收敛的趋势。(4)农业科研人才对地区农业高质量发展有显著的提升作用,且这种提升作用是基于农业科研人才空间分布带动了当地技术进步水平这一路径实现的。上述结果对于培养和引进人才战略提供参考,对推动农业高质量发展具有重要的现实意义。

Talent is the key for the improvement of independent innovation capability and an important driving force for agricultural high-quality development.Based on the data of agricultural research talents in China,using spatial statistics and local autocorrelation analysis methods,this paper explored their spatial distribution and convergence,and built a regression model on the basis to test the impact of spatial distribution of agricultural research talents on agricultural high-quality development,and explored the influence path.The results showed as follows:①the spatial distribution of agricultural research talents in China showed a relatively unbalanced and typical characteristic with a pattern of dense in the east and sparse in the northwest.Beijing,Shandong and Guangdong were high-level clusters of agricultural research talents.②The distribution of agricultural research talents showed a certain spatial autocorrelation.The cold spots of agricultural research talents were concentrated in western regions such as Gansu and Qinghai,without obvious hot spots.In terms of academic qualifications,the hot spots for doctoral talents included Shanghai,Jiangsu,Beijing,and Tianjin,while the cold spots were mainly concentrated in the western region;the hot spots for master s talents included Jiangsu,Shanghai and Anhui,and the cold spots were concentrated in the western region;and undergraduate agricultural research talents had not shown obvious changes in cold and hot spots.③The agglomeration of all agricultural research talents,doctor talents and master talents didn t show a trend of backward regions catching up with leading regions,but undergraduate agricultural research talents had a trend of backward regions catching up with leading regions.④Agricultural research talents had a significant promotion on the high-quality development of agriculture in the region,and this promotion effect was realized based on the path that the spatial distribution of agricultural research talents drives the local technological progress level.Above results provided references for training talents and introducing,which had important practical significance for promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.