细菌感染在慢性鼻窦炎发病机制中的作用

The role of bacterial infection in the pathogenesis of chronic sinusitis

慢性鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis,CRS)是鼻窦黏膜慢性炎症性疾病,是耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的常见病,中国人群CRS总体患病率约为8%。CRS给患者的生活带来极大的困扰,造成极大的社会经济负担[1]。CRS是一种高度异质性疾病,其病因和发病机制涉及局部和全身因素,以及环境、微生物、遗传等多因素[2]。CRS微生物学研究发现,病毒、真菌、生物膜和细菌定植是CRS潜在的致病因素[3]。细菌感染是急性鼻窦炎的致病因素已成为共识,但细菌在CRS发病中的作用并不完全清楚,常规细菌培养发现致病菌可以分泌毒素诱发炎症因子的释放、破坏鼻腔上皮的完整性和纤毛清除功能。

Chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)is a highly heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease of the sinus mucosa.Despite extensive research,the etiology of CRS remains unclear.Studies of upper respiratory tract microbiology have found that microorganisms may be the influencing factors of CRS,and bacteria may be the potential pathogenic factors of CRS.The study of the role of bacterial infection in the initiation,development and maintenance of CRS has become a hot spot in the pathogenesis of CRS.In this review,we describes the research progress of the relationship between bacteria infection and CRS.