二甲双胍对2型糖尿病大鼠视网膜病变和细胞焦亡的影响及机制研究

Study on the effect and mechanism of metformin on retinopathy and pyrolysis in type 2 diabetic rats

目的探讨二甲双胍对2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes)大鼠视网膜病变和细胞焦亡的影响及作用机制。方法选取4周龄的雄性Wistar大鼠90只,对照组30只,60只构建糖尿病视网膜病变(Diabetic retinopathy,DR)模型并分为模型组(n=30)与二甲双胍组(n=30)。模型组与对照组均给与1%羧甲基纤维素灌胃,二甲双胍组给予300mg/kg二甲双胍灌胃,干预2个月后,检测各项指标。结果相对于对照组,模型组和二甲双胍组大鼠体重显著下降而空腹血糖和胰岛素水平较高;经二甲双胍治疗后,2型糖尿病伴视网膜病变大鼠总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白水平显著降低而高密度脂蛋白相对于模型组较高;二甲双胍可以明显改善2型糖尿病视网膜病变大鼠的血管扩张现象,主要与其能够改善视网膜组织细胞的焦亡现象有关。结论本研究主要发现了二甲双胍能够显著改善糖尿病大鼠视网膜病变情况,主要与二甲双胍减少细胞焦亡水平有关。

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of metformin on retinopathy and pyrolysis in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods Four-week-old male Wistar rats were selected to construct diabetic retinopathy models and this study was randomly divided into control,model and metformin groups.Both the model group and the control group were given 1%carboxymethylcellulose by gavage and the metformin group was given 300 mg/kg metformin by gavage.After 2 months of intervention,the indexes were tested.Results Compared with the control group,rats in the model group and the metformin group had significantly lower body weight and higher fasting blood glucose and insulin level.After metformin treatment,the total cholesterol,triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins of type 2 diabetic rats with retinopathy were significantly lower and the high-density lipoprotein was higher than that in model group.Metformin significantly improved the vasodilation phenomenon of type 2 diabetic retinopathy rats,which was mainly related to its ability to improve the pyrolysis of retinal tissue cells.Conclusion This study finds that metformin could improve the retinopathy of diabetic rats,which is mainly related to the reduction of the level of pyrolysis by metformin.