2017—2019年广州市某医院医务人员职业暴露监测分析及对策

Occupational Exposure Monitoring Analyses and Countermeasures among Medical Staff in a Guangzhou Hospital from 2017 to 2019

目的分析广州市某医院医务人员职业暴露的发生原因,探讨防控对策措施,以减少职业暴露的发生。方法收集广州市某医院2017—2019年期间发生职业暴露的253名医务人员的资料进行调查,对其人员构成、暴露类型、发生环节、暴露源种类、处理、追踪等进行分析。结果该医院职业暴露以护理人员为主,占71.54%;发生科室以内科系统为主,占46.25%;针刺伤是职业暴露主要发生方式,占89.72%,拔针操作、手术过程、收集医疗废物、注射治疗为职业暴露高发环节,分别占24.09%、15.81%、12.65%和9.49%;所有职业暴露者均规范处理,未因职业暴露而感染血源性传播性疾病。结论应重视医务人员的职业暴露情况,加强医务人员职业暴露防护培训,加强规范操作和废物处置管理,增强医护人员职业防护意识,是减少职业暴露的发生的有效途径。

Objective To evaluate causes of occupational exposure among medical staff in a Guangzhou hospital and to discuss prevention strategies.Method A total of 253 medical staff with occupational exposures were investigated.Their personnel composition,exposure mode,occurrence link,exposure source type,treatment,and tracking were analyzed.Results Among the medical staff,71.54% were nurses.For occurrences among departments,46.25% occurred in the Internal Medicine department.Among exposure-related injuries,89.72% were caused by needle sticks.In addition,acupuncture operations,operation processes,collection of medical waste and injection treatments were causes for the high injury incidence,accounting for 24.09%,15.81%,12.65%,9.49% respectively.All occupational exposures were treated in a standardized manner and no blood-borne infectious diseases were caused by these occupational exposures.Conclusions Our data further emphasize the need to strengthen occupational exposure protection training of medical staff and to enhance their occupational protection awareness.