羽毛球步法中“分腿垫步”动作技术的生物力学分析

Kinematics and Electromyography Analysis of“The Split Step”Movement Technique in Badminton Footwork

为获取羽毛球步法中分腿垫步动作的运动学特征和其肌肉活动的用力情况,采用三维高速摄像和肌电同步测试手段,对8名国家二级及以上羽毛球运动员在模拟比赛中进行动作采集,并运用美国Ariel APAS解析软件和MegaWin分析软件。结果表明:运动员的分腿垫步有4种不同表现形式,起动时机主要集中在对手击球前1/30 s至对方球拍触球后的1/40 s间;在准备阶段胫骨前肌与膝关节角度相关性具有显著性特点;在SSC阶段踝、髋关节的伸肌肌群与其他具有拉长—缩短周期特征的动作肌肉活动机理不同;在整个过程中臀大肌和右侧下肢肌群表现更为活跃,是主要的用力肌群。

In order to obtain the kinematic characteristics of the split step in badminton footwork and reveal the internal mechanism of its muscle activities,3D high-speed camera and electromyography(EMG)were used to collect the movements of 8 national badminton players at level 2 and above in the simulation match,and data were analyzed by using the American Ariel APAS parsing software and Megawin software.The results show that there are four different forms of athlete's split step,and the starting time is mainly concentrated between 1/30 s before the opponent hits the ball and 1/40 s after the opponent's racket touches the ball.The correlation between tibialis anterior muscle and knee joint angle is significant in the preparation stage.In the SSC stage,the activity mechanism in extensor muscles of the ankle and hip joint are different from that of other motor muscles characterized by elongating and shortening cycles.The gluteus maximus and right lower limb muscles were active throughout the process and were the main force muscle groups.