WAIS-IV智力成绩在中国城乡人群之间的差异

Differences of WAIS-IV intelligence scores between urban and rural populations in China.

目的应用韦氏成人智力量表第四版(WAIS-IV),比较农村进城流动人群与城镇人群的智力测定结果。方法对1757例全国城镇居民样本,进行WAIS-IV中文版的测定。结果农村户籍组与城市户籍组在人口学变量年龄、受教育程度、职业特征、本地居住年限方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。农村进城流动人群组WAIS-IV总智商(FIQ)、加工速度指数(PSI)、工作记忆指数(WMI)、知觉推理指数(PRI)、言语理解指数(VCI)、一般能力指数(GAI)、认知效率指数(CPI)和除符号检索(SS)、拼图(VP)外其余8个分测验得分均低于匹配后城市户籍组(P<0.05)。结论农村进城流动人群与城镇人群之间的智力成绩仍有差距,为建立新的智力量表全国常模提供了参考。

Objective To explore the differences of intelligence measurements between rural migrants and urban population through Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV(WAIS-IV).Methods A total of 1757 samples of urban residents in China were selected and assessed with WAIS-IV Chinese version.Results There existed significant differences in ages,education levels,professional characteristics and lengths of local residence between population with rural registration and population with urban household registration(P<0.05).The full intelligence quotient(FIQ),processing speed index(PSI),working memory index(WMI),perceptual reasoning index(PRI),verbal comprehension index(VCI),general ability index(GAI),cognitive proficiency index(CPI)and all the other 8 subtests except symbol search and visual puzzles of WAIS-IV in rural floating population were significantly lower than those in urban registered population matched with age,gender and education level(P<0.05).Conclusion There is still a gap in intelligence scores between the rural migrants and the urban population,which provides a reference for establishing a new national norm of intelligence scale.